Kennedy B R, Williams C A, Pesut D J
Psychiatric Unit, Dorn Veterans Administration Hospital, Columbia, SC 29210.
Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 1994 Jun;8(3):169-76. doi: 10.1016/0883-9417(94)90050-7.
Seclusion is a common treatment method in psychiatry. However, there are contradictory reports about the effects of the sensory deprivation involved in seclusion on the distortions of perceptions seen in some psychiatric patients. This descriptive study explored the seclusion experiences of seriously ill psychiatric patients; described the hallucinatory experiences of these patients during seclusion; and examined the relationship between hallucinations and sensory stimulation, as reflected in staff visits and length of time secluded. Consenting adult male and female psychiatric inpatients (n = 25), with DSM III-R diagnoses of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were interviewed within 5 days after a seclusion experience, using a modification of Richardson's structured interview guide. Approximately half of the patients hallucinated in seclusion; however, 70% of these had also hallucinated before seclusion. There were no significant relationships between hallucinating in seclusion and frequency of staff visits or length of time secluded; however, patients who hallucinated received significantly more "as needed" (PRN) medications and had more therapeutic visits than patients who did not hallucinate.
隔离是精神病学中一种常见的治疗方法。然而，关于隔离中涉及的感觉剥夺对一些精神病患者所出现的感知扭曲的影响，存在相互矛盾的报道。这项描述性研究探讨了重症精神病患者的隔离经历；描述了这些患者在隔离期间的幻觉体验；并研究了幻觉与感觉刺激之间的关系，这在工作人员探访和隔离时长中有所体现。同意参与研究的成年男性和女性精神病住院患者（n = 25），根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第三版修订版》（DSM III-R）诊断为精神分裂症或分裂情感性障碍，在隔离经历后的5天内接受访谈，采用了对理查森结构化访谈指南的修改版。大约一半的患者在隔离期间出现幻觉；然而，其中70%的患者在隔离前也出现过幻觉。隔离期间出现幻觉与工作人员探访频率或隔离时长之间没有显著关系；然而，出现幻觉的患者比未出现幻觉的患者接受了显著更多的“按需”（PRN）药物治疗，并且有更多的治疗性探访。
