Junker A K, Tilley P
Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
J Med Virol. 1994 Jun;43(2):119-24. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890430204.
The normal immune response after primary varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection includes IgG subclass evolution to predominantly IgG1-type antibodies, and maturation from low to high avidity antibodies which are maintained for life. Twenty-three healthy and apparently immunocompetent children with a history of 2-5 episodes of chickenpox were studied after repeat disease. Serial sera were tested for VZV-IgG subclass patterns and VZV IgG and G-subclass antibody avidity by urea elution enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA). Of 11 patients studied within 8 weeks of repeat chickenpox (Early Group), mean antibody avidity was significantly lower (31.3 +/- 26.81) than control (65.1 +/- 12.38) (P < .001). Seven had low avidity antibody (< 30 percent) and an abundance of IgG3 which was a pattern like primary chickenpox, and 2/11 had high avidity antibody characteristic of anamnestic responses. Early Group patients and 12 others studied over 8 weeks after repeat disease (Late Group) showed avidity maturation and attrition of IgG subclass antibodies other than IgG1. At least nine children failed to show VZV-specific secondary (memory) immune responses early in the course of repeat disease. It is possible that failure to maintain or evoke a secondary immune response could explain their susceptibility to repeat chickenpox.
原发性水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）感染后的正常免疫反应包括IgG亚类演变为主要的IgG1型抗体，以及从低亲和力抗体成熟为高亲和力抗体，并终身维持。对23名有2 - 5次水痘病史的健康且免疫功能正常的儿童在再次发病后进行了研究。通过尿素洗脱酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）对系列血清进行VZV - IgG亚类模式以及VZV IgG和G亚类抗体亲和力检测。在再次感染水痘后8周内进行研究的11名患者（早期组）中，平均抗体亲和力（31.3 +/- 26.81）显著低于对照组（65.1 +/- 12.38）（P <.001）。7名患者有低亲和力抗体（<30%）且IgG3丰富，这是原发性水痘的模式，11名中有2名具有回忆反应特征的高亲和力抗体。早期组患者以及在再次发病8周后进行研究的其他12名患者（晚期组）显示出亲和力成熟以及除IgG1外的IgG亚类抗体减少。至少9名儿童在再次发病过程早期未表现出VZV特异性的二次（记忆）免疫反应。未能维持或引发二次免疫反应可能解释了他们易患再次感染水痘的原因。
