Paul M E
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester.
Prim Care. 1994 Jun;21(2):367-86.
Human reproduction is an exceedingly complex process susceptible to insult at many stages. The targets of reproductive injury include the male and female worker as well as the conceptus. Because research into the reproductive and developmental effects of occupational exposures is relatively new, there are significant gaps in our knowledge of specific agents, their mechanisms of action, and their adverse effects. At the same time, workers increasingly are turning to their primary health care providers with concerns about potential reproductive hazards. Evaluation of patients includes identifying occupational agents with suspected reproductive or developmental effects, defining exposure parameters, and making estimates of risk based on the best available data. Management includes patient counseling and intervention to decrease hazardous exposures through workplace controls or temporary job transfers and leaves. By taking an occupational history, identifying possible work-related problems, and making appropriate referrals, primary care physicians can have an important role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of adverse reproductive outcomes.
人类生殖是一个极其复杂的过程，在许多阶段都容易受到损害。生殖损伤的目标包括男性和女性工人以及胎儿。由于对职业暴露的生殖和发育影响的研究相对较新，我们在特定因素、其作用机制及其不良影响方面的知识存在重大空白。与此同时，工人们越来越多地向他们的初级医疗保健提供者咨询潜在的生殖危害问题。对患者的评估包括识别具有疑似生殖或发育影响的职业因素、确定暴露参数以及根据现有最佳数据进行风险评估。管理措施包括为患者提供咨询和干预，通过工作场所控制或临时工作调动及休假来减少有害暴露。通过询问职业史、识别可能与工作相关的问题并进行适当转诊，初级保健医生在不良生殖结局的诊断、治疗和预防中可以发挥重要作用。
