Olsson-Liljequist B, Nord C E
Swedish Institute for Infection Control, Stockholm.
Clin Infect Dis. 1994 May;18 Suppl 4:S293-6. doi: 10.1093/clinids/18.supplement_4.s293.
The susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria is determined by one of two methods: by using data from surveillance studies or by performing in vitro susceptibility tests. In the first method, surveillance studies of the activity of various antimicrobial agents against large collections of strains of different species are performed at a reference laboratory; in the second, in vitro susceptibility tests of clinically relevant anaerobic isolates are performed so that therapeutic guidance can be given. Susceptibility testing can be done by the dilution or diffusion methods, and the method chosen is dependent on the purpose of the assay. The agar dilution method is the NCCLS reference method and is well suited for surveillance studies. The broth microdilution method is recommended for routine susceptibility testing of anaerobes, but the E test--which has an antibiotic gradient and is used on agar plates--also seems to be useful for routine susceptibility testing of anaerobes. The guidelines with regard to methods for susceptibility testing of anaerobes and determining breakpoints of antimicrobial agents for the European countries should be uniform with those for the United States.
使用监测研究的数据或进行体外药敏试验。在第一种方法中，参考实验室会对各种抗菌剂针对大量不同菌种菌株的活性进行监测研究；在第二种方法中，会对临床相关的厌氧菌分离株进行体外药敏试验，以便提供治疗指导。药敏试验可通过稀释法或扩散法进行，所选用的方法取决于检测目的。琼脂稀释法是美国国家临床实验室标准委员会（NCCLS）的参考方法，非常适合监测研究。肉汤微量稀释法推荐用于厌氧菌的常规药敏试验，但E试验（一种带有抗生素梯度且用于琼脂平板的试验）似乎也可用于厌氧菌的常规药敏试验。关于欧洲国家厌氧菌药敏试验方法及确定抗菌剂断点的指南应与美国的指南保持一致。
