Jaakkola N, Ruotsalainen R, Jaakkola J J
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Soc Med. 1994 Jun;22(2):107-12. doi: 10.1177/140349489402200205.
The objective of the study was to assess the role of smoking parents' education, socioeconomic status and knowledge of the child's health as determinants of the child's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) at home. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out by mailing a parent-administered questionnaire (response rate 80.3%) to a random sample of children aged 1 to 6 years, in Espoo. The present analyses focused on the 1003 children at whom one or both parents or guardians were currently smokers. A total of 253 children (25.2%) of smoking parents were reported to be exposed to ETS at home at the time when the questionnaire was filled in, while 750 (74.8%) children were not. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) for being exposed to ETS were assessed in the logistic regression. The risk of exposure to ETS was significantly higher when the parents had no professional education, compared to university or college education (OR 2.42, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.43-4.11), but socioeconomic status was not associated with exposure. The risk was higher with a single parent or guardian than in families with two parents (2.17, 1.36-3.44). The risk decreased significantly for atopic children (0.61, 0.38-0.98), indicating that knowledge of the child's illness affects the smoking behavior of the parents.
该研究的目的是评估吸烟父母的教育程度、社会经济地位以及对孩子健康的了解程度作为孩子在家中接触环境烟草烟雾（ETS）的决定因素所起的作用。在埃斯波，通过向1至6岁儿童的随机样本邮寄一份由家长填写的问卷（回复率80.3%）进行了一项基于人群的横断面研究。目前的分析集中在1003名儿童身上，这些儿童的父母或监护人中有一方或双方目前吸烟。在填写问卷时，据报告，共有253名（25.2%）吸烟父母的孩子在家中接触到ETS，而750名（74.8%）儿童未接触到。在逻辑回归中评估了接触ETS的调整比值比（OR）。与接受大学或大专教育的父母相比，父母没有接受过职业教育时，孩子接触ETS的风险显著更高（OR 2.42，95%置信区间（CI）1.43 - 4.11），但社会经济地位与接触情况无关。单亲或监护人家庭中的孩子接触ETS的风险高于双亲家庭（2.17，1.36 - 3.44）。特应性儿童接触ETS的风险显著降低（0.61，0.38 - 0.98），这表明对孩子病情的了解会影响父母的吸烟行为。
