Rosenfeld Lindsay, Rudd Rima, Chew Ginger L, Emmons Karen, Acevedo-García Dolores
Institute on Urban Health Research, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02130, USA.
J Asthma. 2010 Feb;47(1):66-75. doi: 10.3109/02770900903362676.
Individual home characteristics have been associated with indoor allergen exposure; however, the influence of neighborhood-level characteristics has not been well studied. We defined neighborhoods as community districts determined by the New York City Department of City Planning.
We examined the relationship between neighborhood-level characteristics and the presence of dust mite (Der f 1), cat (Fel d 1), cockroach (Bla g 2), and mouse (MUP) allergens in the household.
Using data from the Puerto Rican Asthma Project, a birth cohort of Puerto Rican children at risk of allergic sensitization (n = 261), we examined associations between neighborhood characteristics (percent tree canopy, asthma hospitalizations per 1,000 children, roadway length within 100 meters of buildings, serious housing code violations per 1000 rental units, poverty rates, and felony crime rates), and the presence of indoor allergens. Allergen cutpoints were used for categorical analyses and defined as follows: dust mite: >0.25 microg/g; cat: >1 microg/g; cockroach: >1 U/g; mouse: >1.6 microg/g.
Serious housing code violations were statistically significantly positively associated with dust mite, cat, and mouse allergens (continuous variables), adjusting for mother's income and education, and all neighborhood-level characteristics. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, medium levels of housing code violations were associated with higher dust mite and cat allergens (1.81, 95%CI: 1.08, 3.03 and 3.10, 95%CI: 1.22, 7.92, respectively). A high level of serious housing code violations was associated with higher mouse allergen (2.04, 95%CI: 1.15, 3.62). A medium level of housing code violations was associated with higher cockroach allergen (3.30, 95%CI: 1.11, 9.78).
Neighborhood-level characteristics, specifically housing code violations, appear to be related to indoor allergens, which may have implications for future research explorations and policy decisions.
个体家庭特征与室内过敏原暴露有关；然而，邻里层面特征的影响尚未得到充分研究。我们将邻里定义为由纽约市城市规划部确定的社区区域。
我们研究了邻里层面特征与家庭中尘螨（Der f 1）、猫（Fel d 1）、蟑螂（Bla g 2）和小鼠（MUP）过敏原存在之间的关系。
利用来自波多黎各哮喘项目的数据，该项目是一个有过敏致敏风险的波多黎各儿童出生队列（n = 261），我们研究了邻里特征（树冠覆盖率百分比、每1000名儿童的哮喘住院率、建筑物100米内的道路长度、每1000个出租单元的严重住房法规违规情况、贫困率和重罪犯罪率）与室内过敏原存在之间的关联。过敏原切点用于分类分析，定义如下：尘螨：>0.25微克/克；猫：>1微克/克；蟑螂：>1单位/克；小鼠：>1.6微克/克。
在调整了母亲的收入和教育程度以及所有邻里层面特征后，严重住房法规违规与尘螨、猫和小鼠过敏原（连续变量）在统计学上显著正相关。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，中等程度的住房法规违规与较高的尘螨和猫过敏原相关（分别为1.81，95%CI：1.08，3.03和3.10，95%CI：1.22，7.92）。高水平的严重住房法规违规与较高的小鼠过敏原相关（2.04，95%CI：1.15，3.62）。中等程度的住房法规违规与较高的蟑螂过敏原相关（3.30，95%CI：1.11, 9.78）。
邻里层面特征，特别是住房法规违规，似乎与室内过敏原有关，这可能对未来的研究探索和政策决策有影响。
