Rao K V
University of Florida, College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Gainesville 32610-0485.
Pharm Res. 1993 Apr;10(4):521-4. doi: 10.1023/a:1018937700459.
The published procedures for the isolation of taxol from the Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia) and other species of Taxus are cumbersome, and the yields of taxol are in the range of 0.0075-0.01%. This paper describes a simple and efficient procedure for the isolation of taxol and its major natural analogues from the bark of T. brevifolia consisting of a single chromatographic column (using silica gel, Florisil, or a reverse-phase C18-silica), followed by crystallization. Isolated yields of taxol from five "pooled" bark samples (blended from many different batches by the supplier) were in the range of 0.02-0.04%, and from bark collected from a more restricted locale, yields reached 0.06%. The procedure also yielded taxol analogues, such as 10-deacetylbaccatin III (0.02-0.04%), 10-deacetyltaxol-7-xyloside (0.06-0.1%), taxol-7-xyloside (0.005-0.01%), 10-deacetyltaxol (0.01-0.02%), 10-deacetylcephalomannine-7-xyloside (0.006-0.01%), and cephalomannine (0.005-0.007%). Of these, 10-deacetyltaxol-7-xyloside is the most abundant taxane in the Pacific yew bark.
已发表的从太平洋紫杉（短叶红豆杉）及其他红豆杉属物种中分离紫杉醇的方法很繁琐，紫杉醇的产率在0.0075 - 0.01%之间。本文描述了一种从短叶红豆杉树皮中分离紫杉醇及其主要天然类似物的简单高效方法，该方法包括单个色谱柱（使用硅胶、弗罗里硅土或反相C18硅胶），随后进行结晶。从五个“混合”树皮样品（由供应商从许多不同批次混合而成）中分离得到的紫杉醇产率在0.02 - 0.04%之间，而从更有限区域采集的树皮中，产率达到了0.06%。该方法还得到了紫杉醇类似物，如10 - 去乙酰浆果赤霉素III（0.02 - 0.04%）、10 - 去乙酰紫杉醇 - 7 - 木糖苷（0.06 - 0.1%）、紫杉醇 - 7 - 木糖苷（0.005 - 0.01%）、10 - 去乙酰紫杉醇（0.01 - 0.02%）、10 - 去乙酰三尖杉宁碱 - 7 - 木糖苷（0.006 - 0.01%）和三尖杉宁碱（0.005 - 0.007%）。其中，10 - 去乙酰紫杉醇 - 7 - 木糖苷是太平洋紫杉树皮中含量最丰富的紫杉烷。
