Tafforin C
Laboratoire de Neuroéthologie, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
Adv Space Biol Med. 1993;3:81-94.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate through an ethological approach the behavioral consequences of confinement and isolation in the restricted space of a hyperbaric chamber at low pressure on six subjects for a period of 28 days. The quantitative analysis consisted in tracing the use of space, minute by minute (i.e., groupings of positions and displacement trajectories) and counting the motor activity (i.e., collateral acts) of the crew members while performing various tasks (meeting, preparing dinner, dinner, leisure time) within the main chamber as a function of the time spent in confinement (days 2, 9, 19, 28). The data reveal a change in the timing of collective tasks in the course of the experiment, a dispersal of the social group during the middle period, and a stability of the spatial behavior at the beginning and at the end of the isolation period. Other behavioral strategies observed are the necessity of body mobility in a reduced space, the decrease of an intimate space as defined by Hall, with the predominance of a social space first and a personal space later with increasing time of confinement. Consequently, the crew members appear to adapt by means of these behavioral strategies. In that way, the reduction in the number of collateral activities can be taken as an index of the adaptation of the subjects to these extreme conditions.
本研究的目的是通过行为学方法，评估6名受试者在低压高压舱的受限空间内被限制活动和隔离28天的行为后果。定量分析包括逐分钟追踪空间使用情况（即位置分组和位移轨迹），并统计船员在主舱内执行各种任务（开会、准备晚餐、用餐、休闲时间）时的运动活动（即附带行为），这些活动是作为禁闭时间（第2天、第9天、第19天、第28天）的函数。数据显示，在实验过程中集体任务的时间安排发生了变化，中期社会群体出现分散，隔离期开始和结束时空间行为保持稳定。观察到的其他行为策略包括在有限空间内身体活动的必要性，霍尔定义的私密空间减小，随着禁闭时间增加，社交空间先占主导，个人空间后占主导。因此，船员似乎通过这些行为策略进行了适应。通过这种方式，附带活动数量的减少可被视为受试者适应这些极端条件的指标。
