Lew J F, Kapikian A Z, Jiang X, Estes M K, Green K Y
Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Virology. 1994 Apr;200(1):319-25. doi: 10.1006/viro.1994.1194.
Norwalk virus (NV) infection was recently found to be associated with gastroenteritis in U.S. military troops stationed in Saudi Arabia during the 1990 Desert Shield Operation. We identified a Norwalk-like virus in the stools of two military personnel with gastroenteritis by ELISA and IEM. By RT-PCR and sequence analysis, the nucleotide sequence of part of the polymerase region of each of these two "Desert Shield" strains (DSV275 and DSV395) was found to be 73% identical to the corresponding region of NV. In addition, one of the strains (DSV395), which underwent sequence analysis of approximately 2900 consecutive bases, had a genomic organization characteristic of the Caliciviridae. Comparison of the DSV395 amino acid sequence of the capsid region with that of three other viruses in the Norwalk group (Norwalk, Southampton, and Toronto viruses) showed amino acid identity of 47-68%. Consensus sequence analysis of these capsid proteins identified two regions of conserved amino acids that flanked an area of variable amino acids. In addition, the proteins corresponding to the capsid regions of DSV395 and NV were expressed in an in vitro translation system. Immunoprecipitation studies using the expressed capsid proteins and paired DSV395 or NV infection sera indicated the presence of shared antigenic sites between the capsid proteins of DSV395 and NV. However, hyperimmune sera specific for the self-assembled recombinant NV capsid protein did not react with DSV stool antigen in an ELISA, suggesting that there may also be unique antigenic sites not shared between DSV395 and NV.
最近发现，在1990年“沙漠盾牌”行动期间驻扎在沙特阿拉伯的美国军队中，诺沃克病毒（NV）感染与肠胃炎有关。我们通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和免疫电镜检查（IEM），在两名患肠胃炎的军事人员的粪便中鉴定出一种诺沃克样病毒。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和序列分析，发现这两种“沙漠盾牌”毒株（DSV275和DSV395）聚合酶区域的部分核苷酸序列与NV相应区域的序列一致性为73%。此外，其中一株毒株（DSV395）对约2900个连续碱基进行了序列分析，其基因组结构具有杯状病毒科的特征。将DSV395衣壳区域的氨基酸序列与诺沃克病毒组中的其他三种病毒（诺沃克病毒、南安普敦病毒和多伦多病毒）的序列进行比较，结果显示氨基酸一致性为47%-68%。对这些衣壳蛋白进行共有序列分析，确定了两个保守氨基酸区域，它们位于可变氨基酸区域两侧。此外，DSV395和NV衣壳区域对应的蛋白在体外翻译系统中表达。使用表达的衣壳蛋白和配对的DSV395或NV感染血清进行免疫沉淀研究表明，DSV395和NV的衣壳蛋白之间存在共同的抗原位点。然而，针对自组装重组NV衣壳蛋白的超免疫血清在ELISA中不与DSV粪便抗原发生反应，这表明DSV395和NV之间可能也存在不共有的独特抗原位点。
