Matsuno S, Sawada R, Kimura K, Suzuki H, Yamanishi S, Shinozaki K, Sugieda M, Hasegawa A
Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Health of Japan, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo.
J Med Virol. 1997 Aug;52(4):377-80.
From October to December in 1995, an epidemic of infantile gastroenteritis occurred all over Japan except in Hokkaido and Okinawa prefectures. The number of infected infants and young children was estimated to be over 5 million cases [Editorial, IASR 1996]. The stool specimens from patients were examined for the presence of small round structured viruses (SRSVs) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nucleotide sequencing of parts of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase region. Thirty-five of 87 stool specimens examined gave positive results. Genomic variation was investigated by sequence analysis of a 327 bp cDNA region. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the ten strains segregated into two distinct groups; one showed 96.0-100% nucleotide and 99.1-100% amino acid identity, the others showed 91.4-99.7% nucleotide and 93.5-100% identity. The main mechanism of transmission remains unknown. However, these data suggest the possibility of person-to-person spread by two or more kinds of SRSV.
1995年10月至12月，除北海道和冲绳县外，日本全国爆发了婴幼儿肠胃炎疫情。据估计，受感染的婴幼儿数量超过500万例[《国际抗病毒研究》1996年社论]。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和对RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶区域部分进行核苷酸测序，检测患者粪便标本中是否存在小圆结构病毒（SRSV）。在检测的87份粪便标本中，有35份呈阳性结果。通过对一个327 bp cDNA区域进行序列分析来研究基因组变异。分离出的10个毒株的核苷酸和推导氨基酸序列分为两个不同的组；一组显示核苷酸同一性为96.0 - 100%，氨基酸同一性为99.1 - 100%，另一组显示核苷酸同一性为91.4 - 99.7%，同一性为93.5 - 100%。主要传播机制仍然未知。然而，这些数据表明存在两种或更多种SRSV通过人传人的可能性。
