Sanders D, Peyman G A, Fishman G, Vlchek J, Korey M
Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol. 1975 Dec 4;197(3):255-67. doi: 10.1007/BF00410870.
To determine the toxic effect of whole blood and hemoglobin on the retina, volumes of autogenous blood varying between 0.3 and 1.5 ml and various hemoglobin concentrations were injected intravitreally into speciosa monkeys. Electroretinograms were performed at the outset of the experiment and immediately before sacrifice. After six weeks the animals were killed and the eyes were processed for histologic and electron microscopic examination. Three intravitreal injections of 0.3 ml of autogenous blood administered at one-month intervals or one injection of 22.4 mg of hemoglobin did not produce a toxic effect on the retina demonstrable by light or electron microscopic examination or electroretinography. Intravitreal injection of more than 0.6 ml of whole blood or 40 mg of hemoglobin produced definite toxic effects histologically and electroretinographically. The damage found histologically correlated well with the degree of hemosiderin deposition. Explosive lesions produced by xenon are photocoagulation to induce moderate vitreous hemorrhage failed to produce toxic doses of blood within the eye. In humans undergoing vitrectomy to remove vitreous hemorrhage, the amount of whole blood recovered from vitrectomy fluid was considered nontoxic, except when the patient had massive vitreous hemorrhage or intraoperative bleeding.
为确定全血和血红蛋白对视网膜的毒性作用，将0.3至1.5毫升不等的自体血量以及不同血红蛋白浓度经玻璃体腔注射到美冠鹦鹉猴体内。在实验开始时以及处死前即刻进行视网膜电图检查。六周后处死动物，对眼睛进行组织学和电子显微镜检查。每隔一个月进行三次0.3毫升自体血的玻璃体腔注射，或一次注射22.4毫克血红蛋白，经光学或电子显微镜检查以及视网膜电图检查均未发现对视网膜产生毒性作用。经玻璃体腔注射超过0.6毫升全血或40毫克血红蛋白，在组织学和视网膜电图检查方面均产生了明确的毒性作用。组织学检查发现的损伤与含铁血黄素沉积程度密切相关。氙气产生的爆震性病变以及用于诱导中度玻璃体出血的光凝术，均未在眼内产生毒性剂量的血液。在接受玻璃体切除术以清除玻璃体出血的人类患者中，从玻璃体切除液中回收的全血量被认为无毒，但患者发生大量玻璃体出血或术中出血时除外。
