Youmans A S, Youmans G P, Cahall D
Infect Immun. 1976 Jan;13(1):127-32. doi: 10.1128/iai.13.1.127-132.1976.
Mice vaccinated with mycobacterial ribonucleic acid (RNA) produced a high immune response and did not develop delayed hypersensitivity to purified protein derivative (PPD), and rifampin had no effect on the immune response. Mice vaccinated with viable H37Ra cells produced a high immune response and did develop delayed hypersensitivity to PPD. Rifampin had no effect on this immune response, but reduced the footpad reactions to PPD. Both mycobacterial RNA and poly(A:U) served as adjuvants for induction of hypersensitivity to PPD. This hypersensitivity was reduced by the administration of rifampin. Rifampin had no effect on the production of mycobacterial growth inhibitory factor, which is produced following vaccination of mice with mycobacterial RNA or viable H37Ra cells. Rifampin had no effect on the nonspecific phase of the granulomatous response, but did inhibit the secondary allergic phase of this response. The action, therefore, of rifampin that inhibits the induction of delayed hypersensitivity but had no effect on the immune responses against tuberculosis leads to a separation of tuberculin hypersensitivity from cellular immunity to tuberculosis.
用分枝杆菌核糖核酸（RNA）接种的小鼠产生了高免疫反应，且对纯化蛋白衍生物（PPD）未出现迟发型超敏反应，利福平对免疫反应无影响。用活的H37Ra细胞接种的小鼠产生了高免疫反应，且对PPD确实出现了迟发型超敏反应。利福平对这种免疫反应无影响，但减少了对PPD的足垫反应。分枝杆菌RNA和聚（A:U）均作为诱导对PPD超敏反应的佐剂。利福平给药可减轻这种超敏反应。利福平对分枝杆菌生长抑制因子的产生无影响，该因子是在小鼠用分枝杆菌RNA或活的H37Ra细胞接种后产生的。利福平对肉芽肿反应的非特异性阶段无影响，但确实抑制了该反应的继发性过敏阶段。因此，利福平抑制迟发型超敏反应的诱导但对针对结核病的免疫反应无影响，导致结核菌素超敏反应与针对结核病的细胞免疫相分离。
