Wechsler H, Isaac N E, Grodstein F, Sellers D E
Department of Health and Social Behavior, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
J Stud Alcohol. 1994 Jan;55(1):41-5. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1994.55.41.
Widespread and heavy alcohol use among American college students is a source of concern to college administrators and public health officials. This study surveyed a cohort of 611 college students during their first and second year of college in order to examine the development of alcohol use behaviors in college. Almost every student who used alcohol during the first year continued to do so during the second year. Similarly, many of the students who were binge drinkers the first year continued binge drinking the second year. One-third of male freshmen who had not binged the first year initiated this behavior during the second year, although relatively few female students did so. Compared to continued users, the students who initiated alcohol use during the second year were light users. In addition, students who drank more heavily in high school were more likely to be binge drinkers in college than students who drank lightly in high school. The results suggest that heavy alcohol use is not predominantly a behavior that is learned in college. Consequently, programs that address alcohol use among college students need to focus on early detection and intervention rather than primary prevention.
美国大学生中普遍且大量饮酒的现象令大学管理人员和公共卫生官员深感担忧。本研究对611名大学生在大学一、二年级期间进行了调查，以考察大学期间饮酒行为的发展情况。几乎所有在第一年饮酒的学生在第二年仍继续饮酒。同样，许多在第一年酗酒的学生在第二年仍继续酗酒。第一年未酗酒的大一男生中有三分之一在第二年开始了这种行为，不过相对较少的女生这样做。与持续饮酒者相比，在第二年开始饮酒的学生饮酒量较少。此外，高中时饮酒较多的学生比高中时饮酒较少的学生在大学更有可能成为酗酒者。结果表明，大量饮酒并非主要是在大学期间习得的行为。因此，针对大学生饮酒问题的项目需要侧重于早期发现和干预，而非初级预防。
