寰椎后弓先天性缺陷：七例报告，包括一位患病母亲和儿子。
Congenital defects of the posterior arch of the atlas: a report of seven cases including an affected mother and son.
作者信息
Currarino G, Rollins N, Diehl J T
机构信息
Department of Radiology, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235.
出版信息
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1994 Feb;15(2):249-54.
PURPOSE
To describe our experience with congenital anomalies of the posterior arch of the atlas, with a review and classification of these defects and a note on their clinical significance.
METHODS
We report six children and one adult, the mother of one of the children, with an anomalous posterior arch of the atlas. The diagnosis was made on lateral films of the neck. Three patients also had axial CT of the cervical spine.
RESULTS
The anomalies encountered in the seven patients were absence of the posterior arch of the atlas (four patients), bilateral clefts (two patients), and unilateral cleft (one patient). In three patients the anomaly was discovered as an incidental asymptomatic finding; three other patients presented with transient neck pain or transient neurologic symptoms after head and neck trauma, and one patient (an adult woman) described neck symptoms of 1-year duration.
CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of these seven cases we conclude that congenital defects of the posterior arch of the atlas may be discovered as incidental asymptomatic findings, but symptoms occurring after trauma to the head and neck or spontaneously also may be encountered.
目的
描述我们对寰椎后弓先天性异常的经验，对这些缺陷进行回顾和分类，并说明其临床意义。
方法
我们报告了6名儿童和1名成人（其中一名儿童的母亲）患有寰椎后弓异常。诊断通过颈部侧位片做出。3例患者还进行了颈椎轴向CT检查。
结果
7例患者中发现的异常情况为寰椎后弓缺如（4例患者）、双侧裂（2例患者）和单侧裂（1例患者）。3例患者的异常是偶然的无症状发现；另外3例患者在头颈部创伤后出现短暂的颈部疼痛或短暂的神经症状，1例患者（一名成年女性）描述颈部症状持续了1年。
结论
基于这7例病例，我们得出结论，寰椎后弓先天性缺陷可能作为偶然的无症状发现被发现，但也可能在头颈部创伤后或自发出现症状。
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