Murphy S M
United States Olympic Committee, Colorado Springs, CO 80909.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1994 Apr;26(4):486-94.
The use of imagery processes in the regulation and enhancement of sports performance is examined in this review paper. Research studies in this area are reviewed and four general categories of research are identified: 1) mental practice, 2) precompetition imagery, 3) comparisons of successful and unsuccessful competitors, and 4) mediating variables. The conclusion is reached that mental practice research has produced equivocal results and the reasons for this are examined. The argument is made that the mental practice model for research into imagery processes in sports is nonproductive. Suggestions for future research directions are offered and guidelines for productive imagery research in sport are provided.
本文综述探讨了意象过程在调节和提高运动表现中的应用。对该领域的研究进行了综述，并确定了四类研究：1）心理练习，2）赛前意象，3）成功与不成功竞争者的比较，4）中介变量。得出的结论是，心理练习研究产生了模棱两可的结果，并对此原因进行了探讨。有人认为，体育意象过程研究的心理练习模型没有成效。提供了未来研究方向的建议以及体育有效意象研究的指导方针。
