Ozmun J C, Mikesky A E, Surburg P R
Department of Physical Education, Indiana State University.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1994 Apr;26(4):510-4.
Underlying mechanisms of prepubescent strength gains following resistance training are speculative. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of 8 wk of resistance training on muscular strength, integrated EMG amplitude (IEMG), and arm anthropometrics of prepubescent youth. Sixteen subjects (8 males, 8 females) were randomly assigned to trained or control groups. All subjects (mean age = 10.3 yr) were of prepubertal status according to the criteria of Tanner. The trained group performed three sets (7-11 repetitions) of bicep curls with dumbbells three times per week for 8 wk. Pre- and posttraining measurements included isotonic and isokinetic strength of the elbow flexors, arm anthropometrics, and IEMG of the biceps brachii. Planned comparisons for a 2 x 2 (group by test) ANOVA model were used for data analysis. Significant isotonic (22.6%) and isokinetic (27.8%) strength gains were observed in the trained group without corresponding changes in arm circumference or skinfolds. The IEMG amplitude increased 16.8% (P < 0.05). The control group did not demonstrate any significant changes in the parameters measured. Early gains in muscular strength resulting from resistance training prepubescent children may be attributed to increased muscle activation.
青春期前儿童进行抗阻训练后力量增加的潜在机制尚属推测。本研究的目的是确定为期8周的抗阻训练对青春期前儿童肌肉力量、肌电图积分波幅（IEMG）和手臂人体测量学指标的影响。16名受试者（8名男性，8名女性）被随机分为训练组和对照组。根据坦纳（Tanner）标准，所有受试者（平均年龄 = 10.3岁）均处于青春期前状态。训练组每周进行3次哑铃弯举，每组3组（7 - 11次重复），共8周。训练前后的测量包括肘屈肌的等张和等速力量、手臂人体测量学指标以及肱二头肌的IEMG。数据分析采用2×2（组×测试）方差分析模型的计划比较。训练组等张力量（22.6%）和等速力量（27.8%）显著增加，而手臂周长或皮褶厚度无相应变化。IEMG波幅增加了16.8%（P < 0.05）。对照组在测量参数上未显示任何显著变化。青春期前儿童进行抗阻训练后早期肌肉力量的增加可能归因于肌肉激活增加。
