关于青少年运动员跳跃训练对下肢爆发力影响的元分析。

Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Plyometric Training on Lower Limb Explosive Strength in Adolescent Athletes.

机构信息

Digitalized Performance Training Laboratory, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China.

Sports Training Institute, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 19;20(3):1849. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031849.

BACKGROUND

Plyometric training is an effective training method to improve explosive strength. However, the ability to perform plyometric training in the adolescent population is still controversial, with insufficient meta-analyses about plyometric training on lower limb explosive strength in adolescent athletes.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the influence of plyometric training on the explosive strength of lower limbs in adolescent athletes.

METHODS

We performed a search of six databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan-fang database) from the starting year of inclusion in each database to April 4, 2022. The quality of the included literature was assessed using the Cochrane risk assessment tool, and data were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.4 software.

RESULT

Plyometric training had significant effects on the performance of adolescent athletes in countermovement jump (MD = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.62, 3.85, < 0.01), squat jump (MD = 4.37, 95% CI: 2.85, 5.90, < 0.01), standing long jump (MD = 6.50, 95% CI: 4.62, 8.38, < 0.01), 10-m sprint (MD = -0.04, 95% CI: -0.08, -0.00, = 0.03), and 20-m sprint (MD = -0.12, 95% CI: -0.20, -0.04, = 0.03); all had positive and statistically significant effects ( < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Plyometric training can significantly enhance the explosive strength of lower limbs in adolescent athletes.

背景

增强式训练是提高爆发力的有效训练方法。然而，青少年人群进行增强式训练的能力仍存在争议，关于青少年运动员下肢爆发力的增强式训练的荟萃分析还不够充分。

目的

探讨增强式训练对青少年运动员下肢爆发力的影响。

方法

我们从每个数据库的纳入年份开始，对六个数据库（Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus、ProQuest 数据库、中国知网（CNKI）和万方数据库）进行了检索，检索时间截至 2022 年 4 月 4 日。使用 Cochrane 风险评估工具评估纳入文献的质量，并使用 Review Manager 5.4 软件进行数据分析。

结果

增强式训练对青少年运动员的反跳式纵跳（MD = 2.74，95%CI：1.62，3.85， < 0.01）、深蹲跳（MD = 4.37，95%CI：2.85，5.90， < 0.01）、站立式跳远（MD = 6.50，95%CI：4.62，8.38， < 0.01）、10 米冲刺（MD = -0.04，95%CI：-0.08，-0.00， = 0.03）和 20 米冲刺（MD = -0.12，95%CI：-0.20，-0.04， = 0.03）的表现均有显著的正向影响（ < 0.05）。