Willis J, Abdul-Karim F W, di Sant'Agnese P A
Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.
Semin Diagn Pathol. 1994 Feb;11(1):15-25.
Extracardiac rhabdomyomas are divided into three subtypes: adult rhabdomyomas (ARs), fetal rhabdomyomas (FRs) and genital rhabdomyomas (GRs), each of which has characteristic clinicopathologic features that facilitate their diagnosis. Rhabdomyomas are invariably benign and show varying degrees of skeletal muscle differentiation by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The etiology of these lesions is not understood; however, there is cytogenetic evidence to indicate that ARs are probably neoplastic in origin. The differential diagnosis of rhabdomyomas includes granular cell tumors and hibernomas for ARs, rhabdomyosarcomas and fibromatosis for FRs, and sarcoma botryoides and vaginal polyps for GRs. Identification and investigation of these lesions provide opportunity for gaining insight into skeletal muscle tumor differentiation and skeletal-muscle tumors in general.
成人横纹肌瘤（ARs）、胎儿横纹肌瘤（FRs）和生殖器横纹肌瘤（GRs），每种亚型都有有助于诊断的特征性临床病理表现。横纹肌瘤均为良性，通过电子显微镜和免疫组织化学显示出不同程度的骨骼肌分化。这些病变的病因尚不清楚；然而，有细胞遗传学证据表明成人横纹肌瘤可能起源于肿瘤。横纹肌瘤的鉴别诊断包括成人横纹肌瘤的颗粒细胞瘤和冬眠瘤、胎儿横纹肌瘤的横纹肌肉瘤和纤维瘤病，以及生殖器横纹肌瘤的葡萄状肉瘤和阴道息肉。对这些病变的识别和研究为深入了解骨骼肌肿瘤分化及一般的骨骼肌肿瘤提供了机会。
