Botvin G J, Baker E, Botvin E M, Dusenbury L, Cardwell J, Diaz T
Institute for Prevention Research, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY.
Addict Behav. 1993 Jul-Aug;18(4):397-405. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(93)90056-f.
A longitudinal model of Black adolescent smoking was tested using 223 seventh-grade students attending public schools in northern New Jersey. Interpersonal and intrapersonal factors were hypothesized to have an impact on Black seventh graders' decision to smoke. After conducting an exploratory Principal Factor Analysis (PFA) using a varimax rotation with the Time 1 data, a structural equation model was developed and refined through successive iterations. The final model revealed friends' smoking to be the most significant predictor of Black adolescent smoking at Time 1, but perceived smoking norms and intrapersonal factors such as decision making, self-efficacy, and self-esteem at home and at school exerted an important influence on smoking at Time 2. These results suggest that social influence factors may be important early in the smoking initiation process, but factors such as perceived smoking norms and intrapersonal factors may play an important role in maintaining the smoking habit in Black adolescents.
使用223名在新泽西州北部公立学校就读的七年级学生，对黑人青少年吸烟的纵向模型进行了测试。人际因素和个人因素被认为会影响黑人七年级学生的吸烟决定。在使用时间1的数据进行了采用方差最大化旋转的探索性主因子分析（PFA）之后，通过连续迭代开发并完善了一个结构方程模型。最终模型显示，朋友吸烟是时间1时黑人青少年吸烟最显著的预测因素，但在时间2时，感知到的吸烟规范以及诸如决策、自我效能感和家庭及学校中的自尊等个人因素对吸烟产生了重要影响。这些结果表明，社会影响因素在吸烟开始过程的早期可能很重要，但诸如感知到的吸烟规范和个人因素等可能在维持黑人青少年的吸烟习惯方面发挥重要作用。
