Killam E K
Fed Proc. 1976 Sep;35(11):2264-9.
The status of Papio papio as a model of clinical epilepsy has been reviewed. The anticonvulsant effects of single doses of various classic and experimental agents have been compared against seizures induced in the P. papio by intermittent light stimulation. Long-acting but not short-acting barbiturates have been shown fully to control seizures with minor sedative effects. Diphenylhydantoin (in chronic doses only) and trimethadione are often effective but not consistently so. Diazepam and clonazepam block seizures at very low doses both acutely and chronically. However, an initial dose well above threshold seems essential if anticonvulsant effects are to be maintained under chronic administration of these compounds. Carbamazepine and SC 13504 (1-benzhydryl-4(6 methyl-2-pyridylmethyleneimino)piperazine), as well as two nonstimulant analogues of amphetamine, were shown to be promising anticonvulsants in this model. A biphasic action of tetrahydrocannabinol, anticonvulsant at a few micrograms per kilogram but not at higher doses, was also demonstrated. Finally, the anticonvulsant action of intraventricular epinephrine and norepinephrine was reported.
已对豚尾狒狒作为临床癫痫模型的状况进行了综述。将各种经典和实验性药物单剂量的抗惊厥作用与间歇性光刺激在豚尾狒狒中诱发的癫痫发作进行了比较。已表明长效巴比妥类药物而非短效巴比妥类药物能充分控制癫痫发作且镇静作用较小。苯妥英（仅在慢性剂量下）和三甲双酮通常有效，但并非始终如此。地西泮和氯硝西泮在非常低的剂量下急性和慢性给药时均可阻断癫痫发作。然而，如果要在长期给药这些化合物的情况下维持抗惊厥作用，初始剂量远高于阈值似乎至关重要。卡马西平和SC 13504（1-二苯甲基-4（6-甲基-2-吡啶基亚甲基亚氨基）哌嗪）以及两种苯丙胺非刺激性类似物在该模型中显示出有前景的抗惊厥作用。还证明了四氢大麻酚的双相作用，每千克几微克时有抗惊厥作用，但在较高剂量时则无。最后，报道了脑室内肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的抗惊厥作用。
