Schreiner W, Buxbaum P F
2nd Department of Surgery, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1993 May;40(5):482-91. doi: 10.1109/10.243413.
Arterial branchings closely fulfill several "bifurcation rules" which are deemed to optimize blood flow. The question is whether these local criteria in conjunction with a general optimization principle can explain the overall structure of an arterial tree. We present a model of an arterial vascular tree which is grown on the computer by successively adding terminal vessel segments. Each new terminal segment is connected to the optimum site within the preexisting tree, and the new bifurcation is optimized geometrically. After each step of adding and optimizing, the whole tree is rescaled to meet invariant boundary conditions of pressure and flow at each terminal site. Thus, local geometric optimization is used to induce simultaneously an optimized global structure. The comparison between the model and real coronary arterial trees shows good agreement regarding structural appearance, morphometric parameters, and pressure profiles.
动脉分支紧密遵循若干“分叉规则”，这些规则被认为可优化血流。问题在于，这些局部标准与一般优化原则相结合，能否解释动脉树的整体结构。我们提出了一种动脉血管树模型，该模型通过依次添加末梢血管段在计算机上生成。每个新的末梢段连接到已存在树中的最佳位置，并且新的分叉在几何上进行了优化。在每次添加和优化步骤之后，整个树会重新缩放，以满足每个末梢部位压力和流量的不变边界条件。因此，局部几何优化用于同时诱导出优化的全局结构。该模型与真实冠状动脉树之间的比较在结构外观、形态测量参数和压力分布方面显示出良好的一致性。
