Bener A, al-Jawadi T Q, Ozkaragoz F, Anderson J A
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, United Arab Emirates University.
Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 1993 Jan-Mar;35(1):9-15.
In a cross-sectional study, the prevalence of asthma and wheeze was studied in 2300 school going children in two different environment and climate regions of Saudi Arabia, Dammam (humid-coastal) and Riyadh (dry-inland). The age range of children studied was 7-12 years (56% boys and 44% girls in Dammam; and 47% boys and 53% girls in Riyadh). A self-administered questionnaire was completed by parents of the children which includes information on age, sex, area, occupation and educational level of parents, history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, cough, wheeze, animals and pets exposure, family history of allergy and parental smoking habits. The results showed that prevalence of wheeze was more common in Riyadh (11.86%) than in Dammam (6.54%). Also, cough occurred more frequently in Riyadh (7.9%) than in Dammam (6%). The frequency of rhinitis was significantly more common in both areas than wheeze (Riyadh 17% and Dammam 12%). Also, the attack of breathlessness or tightness occurred more frequently in Riyadh (12.13%) than in Dammam (6.10%). When a more formal diagnosis of asthma was sought, this having been made by a doctor, the figures were 9.28% for Riyadh and 3.59% for Dammam. These figures showed major differences between the coastal and inland areas in the prevalence of bronchial asthma and wheezing with Dammam being relatively low risk whereas children in Riyadh region describe this more commonly.
在一项横断面研究中，对沙特阿拉伯两个不同环境和气候区域（达曼，潮湿沿海地区；利雅得，干燥内陆地区）的2300名学龄儿童的哮喘和喘息患病率进行了研究。所研究儿童的年龄范围为7至12岁（达曼地区男孩占56%，女孩占44%；利雅得地区男孩占47%，女孩占53%）。儿童家长完成了一份自我填写的问卷，内容包括孩子的年龄、性别、所在地区、父母职业和教育水平、哮喘病史、过敏性鼻炎、湿疹、咳嗽、喘息、动物和宠物接触情况、过敏家族史以及父母吸烟习惯。结果显示，喘息患病率在利雅得（11.86%）比在达曼（6.54%）更常见。此外，咳嗽在利雅得（7.9%）比在达曼（6%）更频繁发生。鼻炎的发生率在两个地区均显著高于喘息（利雅得为17%，达曼为12%）。而且，呼吸急促或胸闷发作在利雅得（12.13%）比在达曼（6.10%）更频繁。当由医生进行更正式的哮喘诊断时，利雅得的诊断率为9.28%，达曼为3.59%。这些数据表明，沿海和内陆地区在支气管哮喘和喘息患病率方面存在重大差异，达曼的风险相对较低，而利雅得地区的儿童更常出现这种情况。
