Blatt A N, Laycock K A, Brady R H, Traynor P, Krogstad D J, Pepose J S
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1993 Nov;34(12):3459-65.
To determine the potential efficacy and anatomic sites of action of prophylactic oral acyclovir using a murine model of ultraviolet-B-induced reactivation of herpes simplex 1 keratitis.
Latent infection with herpes simplex 1 (McKrae) was established in 80 National Institutes of Health inbred strain of mice. Forty of the mice were given acyclovir orally and the other 40 latently infected mice served as controls. Mice were exposed to 250 mJ/cm2 of ultraviolet-B radiation and killed on days 1, 2, 3, and 4 after ultraviolet-B radiation. Trigeminal ganglia and eyes from these mice were homogenized and incubated on Vero cell monolayers for recovery of reactivated virus.
Based on the recovery of infectious virus after ultraviolet-B in treated versus control groups, acyclovir effectively reduced detectable viral reactivation at both the ocular level (P = 0.003) and the ganglionic level (P = 0.025). The numbers of viral culture-positive eye and trigeminal ganglia homogenates in the control group were 11 and 6 out of 40, respectively, compared to 1 and 0 out of 40 culture-positive eye and trigeminal ganglia homogenates in the acyclovir treated mice. Therapeutic serum levels of acyclovir were confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography. In the acyclovir-tested group, the single case of viral break-through at the ocular surface was not an acyclovir-resistant mutant.
Prophylactic acyclovir effectively reduces the incidence of herpes simplex virus-1 reactivation after ultraviolet-B-induced reactivation in National Institutes of Health inbred strain of mice.
利用紫外线B诱导单纯疱疹病毒1型角膜炎再激活的小鼠模型，确定预防性口服阿昔洛韦的潜在疗效及作用的解剖部位。
在80只美国国立卫生研究院近交系小鼠中建立单纯疱疹病毒1型（McKrae株）潜伏感染。其中40只小鼠口服阿昔洛韦，另外40只潜伏感染小鼠作为对照。将小鼠暴露于250 mJ/cm2的紫外线B辐射下，并在紫外线B辐射后的第1、2、3和4天处死。将这些小鼠的三叉神经节和眼睛匀浆，并在非洲绿猴肾细胞单层上孵育，以回收再激活的病毒。
根据治疗组与对照组在紫外线B照射后感染性病毒的回收情况，阿昔洛韦在眼部水平（P = 0.003）和神经节水平（P = 0.025）均有效降低了可检测到的病毒再激活。对照组中病毒培养阳性的眼睛和三叉神经节匀浆数量分别为40只中的11只和6只，相比之下，阿昔洛韦治疗的小鼠中病毒培养阳性的眼睛和三叉神经节匀浆数量为40只中的1只和0只。通过高效液相色谱法确认了阿昔洛韦的治疗血清水平。在阿昔洛韦试验组中，眼部表面的单例病毒突破不是阿昔洛韦耐药突变体。
预防性阿昔洛韦可有效降低美国国立卫生研究院近交系小鼠在紫外线B诱导再激活后单纯疱疹病毒1型再激活的发生率。
