Jadresic E, Jara C, Araya R
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Universidad de Chile, Santiago.
Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat. 1993 Mar;39(1):63-74.
This study was aimed at determining risk factors associated to depression in pregnancy and/or the puerperium. By means of both observer-rated, and self-rated scales a 108-expectant mother sample was assessed by the co-investigators, interviewed by the principal investigator later on. The Psychiatric Assessment Schedule was used to obtain an RDC diagnosis. The same procedure was repeated 2 to 3 months after delivery. A greater exposure to life events, prior consultation for emotional problems as well as economic difficulties arising of late were all associated to depression in pregnancy and the puerperium. Getting separated from significant persons in a woman's life, and/or difficult relationships with either husband or mother have been strongly associated to depression at both periods. As regards puerperium depression, several associations directly related to childbirth (having had a low-weight baby) or the postnatal period (lactation problems) were detected. Anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy have been also clearly linked to postpartum depression. The predictive value of such risk factors is discussed. It is suggested that questions on these factors should be included into ordinary health assessments of both pregnant and puerperal women.
本研究旨在确定与孕期和/或产褥期抑郁症相关的风险因素。通过观察者评分量表和自评量表，由共同研究者对108名孕妇样本进行评估，随后由首席研究者进行访谈。使用精神科评估表来获得研究诊断标准（RDC）诊断。分娩后2至3个月重复相同程序。更多地暴露于生活事件、既往因情绪问题进行咨询以及后期出现的经济困难均与孕期和产褥期抑郁症相关。与女性生活中的重要人物分离，和/或与丈夫或母亲关系困难在这两个时期均与抑郁症密切相关。关于产褥期抑郁症，发现了一些与分娩直接相关（产下低体重婴儿）或产后时期相关（哺乳问题）的关联。孕期的焦虑和抑郁症状也与产后抑郁症有明显关联。讨论了这些风险因素的预测价值。建议在对孕妇和产妇的常规健康评估中纳入关于这些因素的问题。
