Birch L L, Johnson S L, Jones M B, Peters J C
Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1993 Sep;58(3):326-33. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/58.3.326.
To determine whether children adjusted their energy intake in response to covert manipulations in the proportion of energy from dietary fat, 24-h food intake of 29 2- to 5-y-old children was measured over four 2-d blocks. In this within-subject crossover design, in the first three meals of the first day of each block, children consumed foods containing dietary fat or a nonenergy fat substitute, which provided 10% of total daily energy intake. Children compensated for the missing energy; cumulative energy intake differed by only 100 kJ over 2 d. Substitution for dietary fat reduced the percent of energy from fat from 38.7% to 36.4%. Children's intake at individual meals was highly variable (mean CV 24.7%) relative to the variability of total daily energy intake (CV = 8.6%). To produce this pattern, children adjusted energy intake across successive meals. Use of a fat substitute at 10% of energy from dietary fat did not significantly reduce 24-h energy intake.
为了确定儿童是否会根据膳食脂肪能量比例的隐性变化来调整能量摄入，对29名2至5岁儿童在四个为期2天的时间段内的24小时食物摄入量进行了测量。在这种受试者内交叉设计中，在每个时间段第一天的前三餐中，儿童食用含有膳食脂肪或无能量脂肪替代品的食物，这些食物提供了每日总能量摄入的10%。儿童对缺失的能量进行了补偿；2天内累积能量摄入仅相差100千焦。用脂肪替代品替代膳食脂肪后，脂肪提供的能量百分比从38.7%降至36.4%。相对于每日总能量摄入的变异性（CV = 8.6%），儿童每餐的摄入量变化很大（平均CV为24.7%）。为了呈现这种模式，儿童在连续的餐次中调整了能量摄入。使用占膳食脂肪能量10%的脂肪替代品并没有显著降低24小时能量摄入。
