Patchen M L, Brook I, Elliott T B, Jackson W E
Department of Experimental Hematology, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20889-5603.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993 Sep;37(9):1882-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.37.9.1882.
Opportunistic bacterial infections are the predominant cause of death following myelosuppressive radiation exposure. When used alone, a variety of immunomodulators and antibiotics have been reported to reduce radiation-induced death. In these studies, the combined therapeutic effects of the immunomodulator glucan and the quinolone antibiotic pefloxacin were evaluated for survival-enhancing effects in myelosuppressed C3H/HeN mice. Mice were exposed to 7.9 Gy of whole-body 60Co radiation and treated with saline, glucan (250 mg/kg of body weight intravenously, 1 h after irradiation), pefloxacin (64 mg/kg/day orally, days 3 to 24 after irradiation), or glucan plus pefloxacin. Survival 30 days after irradiation in mice receiving these respective treatments was 25, 48, 7, and 85%. Evaluation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cell (GM-CFC) recovery in mice receiving these treatments revealed that, compared with recovery in saline-treated mice, glucan stimulated GM-CFC recovery, pefloxacin suppressed GM-CFC recovery, and glucan administered in combination with pefloxacin could override pefloxacin's hemopoietic suppressive effect.
机会性细菌感染是骨髓抑制性辐射暴露后主要的死亡原因。单独使用时，据报道多种免疫调节剂和抗生素可降低辐射诱导的死亡。在这些研究中，评估了免疫调节剂葡聚糖和喹诺酮类抗生素培氟沙星联合治疗对骨髓抑制的C3H/HeN小鼠生存增强作用。小鼠接受7.9 Gy的全身60Co辐射，并分别用生理盐水、葡聚糖（照射后1小时静脉注射250 mg/kg体重）、培氟沙星（照射后第3至24天口服64 mg/kg/天）或葡聚糖加培氟沙星进行治疗。接受这些相应治疗的小鼠照射后30天的生存率分别为25%、48%、7%和85%。对接受这些治疗的小鼠粒细胞-巨噬细胞祖细胞（GM-CFC）恢复情况的评估显示，与生理盐水治疗的小鼠相比，葡聚糖刺激GM-CFC恢复，培氟沙星抑制GM-CFC恢复，而葡聚糖与培氟沙星联合使用可克服培氟沙星的造血抑制作用。
