Dula A, Kurtz S, Samper M L
Center for Studies of Ethnicity and Race in America, University of Colorado at Boulder 80309.
Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Jul;101 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):181-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.93101s2181.
Little research has been published on the occupational and environmental hazards affecting people of color. Even less is known about the hazards that affect women of color. Although women of color have always been aggressive participants in the work force, their labor activity has increased dramatically over the last decade. Current job placement patterns suggest that women of color are concentrated in the lowest-paying and most hazardous jobs. In this paper, we specifically focus on occupational and environmental reproductive health concerns. We write with the understanding that reproductive hazards can affect pregnant women, nonpregnant women, and men, as well as the health and development of young children. Emphasis is placed primarily on African American women, because information on Hispanic, Native American, and Asian women is very limited. We discuss the participation of women of color in the labor force, using the U.S. Department of Labor categories. We review specific occupational hazards associated with each category of work and briefly discuss environmental hazards, noting that communities of color are at a disproportionate risk of exposure. Finally, we present the consensus report of the Community Education Working Group from the Woods Hole Conference on Occupational and Environmental Reproductive Hazards.
关于影响有色人种的职业和环境危害，发表的研究很少。对于影响有色人种女性的危害，了解得更少。尽管有色人种女性一直积极参与劳动力大军，但在过去十年中，她们的劳动活动急剧增加。当前的就业安置模式表明，有色人种女性集中在薪酬最低、危险性最高的工作岗位上。在本文中，我们特别关注职业和环境生殖健康问题。我们在撰写本文时认识到，生殖危害会影响孕妇、非孕妇和男性，以及幼儿的健康和发育。重点主要放在非裔美国女性身上，因为关于西班牙裔、美国原住民和亚裔女性的信息非常有限。我们使用美国劳工部的类别来讨论有色人种女性在劳动力中的参与情况。我们回顾与每类工作相关的具体职业危害，并简要讨论环境危害，指出有色人种社区面临的接触风险不成比例。最后，我们展示了伍兹霍尔职业和环境生殖危害会议社区教育工作组的共识报告。
