Outlaw F H
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 1993 Oct-Dec;14(4):399-409. doi: 10.3109/01612849309006902.
Individuals who experience repeated stressful events are at risk for developing physical and psychological illnesses. African Americans are an ethnic group that is exposed to a range of stressors over time, including racism which leads to discrimination. African Americans also suffer disproportionately from hypertension, cardiac disease, obesity, and drug and alcohol abuse--all illnesses that have been linked to stress. This paper describes a model to guide nursing practice, research, and education about the influence of racism on the cognitive appraisal, stress, and coping of African Americans. Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) phenomenological approach to cognitive appraisal, stress, and coping is the theoretical framework on which the model is based.
经历反复应激事件的个体有患身心疾病的风险。非裔美国人是一个随着时间推移会面临一系列应激源的种族群体，包括导致歧视的种族主义。非裔美国人还在高血压、心脏病、肥胖症以及药物和酒精滥用方面遭受不成比例的痛苦——所有这些疾病都与压力有关。本文描述了一个模型，以指导有关种族主义对非裔美国人的认知评估、压力和应对方式影响的护理实践、研究和教育。拉扎勒斯和福克曼（1984年）关于认知评估、压力和应对方式的现象学方法是该模型所基于的理论框架。
