Guieu R, Kopeyan C, Rochat H
Laboratoire de Biochimie et d'Ingéniérie des Protéines, URA CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Secteur Nord, Marseille, France.
Life Sci. 1993;53(26):1935-46. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(93)90015-u.
Aside from serotherapy, the treatment of scorpion venom intoxication is symptomatic. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of drugs usually used in scorpion venom intoxications (atropine, propranolol) to that of other compounds, chosen in light of the pathophysiology of scorpion venom intoxication: dipyridamole, doxapram, quinine formate, lysine-acetyl-salicylate, valproate and verapamil. Using mice, the parameters evaluated were the preventive and therapeutic effects of drugs during experimental venom intoxication by Androctonus australis Hector and one of its toxins AaH 1, and by Buthus occitanus and Tityus serrulatus tunetanus on the other hand. It was found that although most of the drugs used could prolong the survival of the animals, the administration of verapamil and more so that of aspirin or quinine formate led to a 50 to 100% loss of venom and toxin toxicity, depending on the drug and the origin of the venom. In the case of propranolol, doxapram, atropine, dipyridamole and valproate, no or little protection were observed. If these results are confirmed in humans, the systematic use of these drugs could be a simple means for treating scorpion venom intoxication. The problem of scorpion venom intoxication poses a health problem both in the North African Maghreb and in the Americas. As a result of considerable information campaigns, the number of scorpion venom intoxications in Tunisia has dropped from 3000 in 1967 to 1000 per year in the 1980s. Serotherapy has reduced mortality to 0.35%, most deaths occurring in underweight children. In light of the large number of countries in which there is a risk of scorpion venom intoxication in the summertime, however, its prevention and treatment remain a major problem.
除血清疗法外，蝎毒中毒的治疗主要是对症治疗。本研究的目的是比较蝎毒中毒常用药物（阿托品、普萘洛尔）与根据蝎毒中毒病理生理学选择的其他化合物（双嘧达莫、多沙普仑、甲酸奎宁、赖氨酸乙酰水杨酸、丙戊酸盐和维拉帕米）的疗效。在小鼠身上，评估的参数是药物对南方杀人蝎及其毒素AaH 1、北非黑肥尾蝎和锯齿脂鲤属tunetanus实验性毒液中毒的预防和治疗效果。结果发现，尽管使用的大多数药物都能延长动物的存活时间，但维拉帕米以及阿司匹林或甲酸奎宁的使用会导致50%至100%的毒液和毒素毒性丧失，这取决于药物和毒液的来源。对于普萘洛尔、多沙普仑、阿托品、双嘧达莫和丙戊酸盐，未观察到或仅有很少的保护作用。如果这些结果在人体中得到证实，这些药物的系统使用可能是治疗蝎毒中毒的一种简单方法。蝎毒中毒问题在北非马格里布和美洲都是一个健康问题。由于开展了大量的宣传活动，突尼斯的蝎毒中毒病例数已从1967年的3000例降至20世纪80年代的每年1000例。血清疗法已将死亡率降至0.35%，大多数死亡发生在体重不足的儿童身上。然而，鉴于夏季有大量国家存在蝎毒中毒风险，其预防和治疗仍然是一个重大问题。
