Armbruster D A, Schwarzhoff R H, Pierce B L, Hubster E C
Air Force Drug Testing Laboratory, Brooks AFB, TX.
J Forensic Sci. 1993 Nov;38(6):1326-41.
The newest formulation of the EMIT assay for drugs of abuse, EMIT II, and a new immunoassay, OnLine, using the kinetic interaction of microparticles in solution methodology, were evaluated for marijuana, cocaine, opiates, barbiturates, and phencyclidine. Both types of immunoassays were performed on an Hitachi 717 analyzer. Calibration curves, the degree of separation between negative and cutoff calibrators, precision, probability of carryover from positive to negative samples, and overall ease and speed of analysis were evaluated. EMIT II and OnLine were compared with RIA tests for the five drugs to determine each assay's ability to detect samples which confirm positive by GC/MS. The RIA and OnLine marijuana tests detected > 99% of confirmed positive samples while EMIT II detected about 90%. All three immunoassays performed equivalently for cocaine and opiates, each assay detecting at least 98% of positives. Barbiturates showed the greatest disparity with OnLine detecting 96%, EMIT II 85%, and RIA 79% of confirmed positive samples. Too few phencyclidine positive samples were detected for a method comparison study. The fully automated EMIT II and OnLine assays are preferable for a variety of reasons to our laboratory's current semi-automated RIA tests for large volume urine testing. The immunoassays offer comparable performance for some drugs but not for others.
对用于检测滥用药物的新型EMIT检测法（EMIT II）以及一种采用溶液中微粒动力学相互作用方法的新型免疫检测法OnLine，进行了大麻、可卡因、鸦片制剂、巴比妥酸盐和苯环己哌啶检测方面的评估。两种免疫检测法均在日立717分析仪上进行。评估了校准曲线、阴性和临界校准品之间的分离程度、精密度、从阳性样品到阴性样品的残留概率以及分析的总体简便性和速度。将EMIT II和OnLine与针对这五种药物的放射免疫分析（RIA）测试进行比较，以确定每种检测法检测经气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）确认为阳性的样品的能力。RIA和OnLine大麻检测法检测出超过99%的经确认的阳性样品，而EMIT II检测出约90%。对于可卡因和鸦片制剂，所有三种免疫检测法的表现相当，每种检测法至少检测出98%的阳性样品。巴比妥酸盐检测结果差异最大，OnLine检测出96%的经确认的阳性样品，EMIT II为85%，RIA为79%。由于苯环己哌啶阳性样品检测数量过少，无法进行方法比较研究。出于多种原因，全自动的EMIT II和OnLine检测法比我们实验室目前用于大批量尿液检测的半自动RIA测试更可取。这些免疫检测法对某些药物的检测性能相当，但对其他药物则不然。
