Nestel P, Herrera M G, el Amin A, Fawzi W, Mohammed K A, Weld L
Harvard Institute for International Development, Cambridge, MA 02138.
J Nutr. 1993 Dec;123(12):2115-21. doi: 10.1093/jn/123.12.2115.
The prevalence of eye signs and symptoms of vitamin A deficiency was determined among 29,615 Sudanese children between 6 and 72 mo of age, in five rural areas of Khartoum and Gezira provinces. Of all children, 2.9% were vitamin A deficient, and of these > 90% had Bitot's spots. Bivariate associations were found between xerophthalmia and the rural councils where the children lived, household wealth, consumption of vitamin A-containing foods, child sex, child age and weight-for-height Z-scores. Multivariate analysis showed that the following factors made significant independent contributions to the risk of xerophthalmia: living in remote and arid regions, male gender, age, poverty of the household, and prevalence of diarrhea. On the other hand, less xerophthalmia was observed among children who during the 24 h preceding the survey had consumed dairy products or non-leafy vegetables containing vitamin A. Intervention programs aimed at increasing household income and promoting consumption of foods containing vitamin A should contribute to the reduction of vitamin A deficiency among Sudanese children.
在喀土穆和杰济拉省的五个农村地区，对29615名6至72月龄的苏丹儿童进行了维生素A缺乏眼部体征和症状的患病率调查。在所有儿童中，2.9%存在维生素A缺乏，其中90%以上有毕脱斑。发现干眼病与儿童居住的农村委员会、家庭财富、含维生素A食物的摄入量、儿童性别、儿童年龄以及身高别体重Z评分之间存在双变量关联。多变量分析表明，以下因素对干眼病风险有显著的独立影响：生活在偏远干旱地区、男性、年龄、家庭贫困以及腹泻患病率。另一方面，在调查前24小时内食用过含维生素A的乳制品或非叶菜类蔬菜的儿童中，干眼病的发生率较低。旨在增加家庭收入和促进含维生素A食物消费的干预项目应有助于降低苏丹儿童维生素A缺乏的发生率。
