Iverson P, Krumhansl C L
Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1993 Nov;94(5):2595-603. doi: 10.1121/1.407371.
Three experiments examined the dynamic attributes of timbre by evaluating the role of onsets in similarity judgments. In separate experiments, subjects heard complete orchestral instrument tones, the onsets of those tones, and tones with the onsets removed ("remainders"). Ratings for complete tones corresponded to those for onsets, indicating that the salient acoustic attributes for complete tones are present at the onset. Ratings for complete tones also corresponded to those for remainders, indicating that the salient attributes for complete tones are present also in the absence of onsets. Subsequent acoustic analyses demonstrated that this pattern of similarity was due to the centroid frequencies and amplitude envelopes of the tones. The results indicate that the dynamic attributes of timbre are not only present at the onset, but also throughout, and that multiple acoustic attributes may contribute to the same perceptual dimensions.
三项实验通过评估起始部分在相似性判断中的作用来研究音色的动态属性。在不同的实验中，受试者聆听完整的管弦乐器音调、这些音调的起始部分以及去除起始部分后的音调（“剩余部分”）。完整音调的评分与起始部分的评分相对应，这表明完整音调的显著声学属性在起始部分就已存在。完整音调的评分也与剩余部分的评分相对应，这表明完整音调的显著属性在没有起始部分时也存在。随后的声学分析表明，这种相似性模式是由于音调的质心频率和振幅包络。结果表明，音色的动态属性不仅在起始部分存在，而且贯穿始终，并且多种声学属性可能对相同的感知维度有贡献。
