LaFromboise Teresa, Coleman Hardin L K, Gerton Jennifer
U Wisconsin, Madison.
Psychol Bull. 1993 Nov;114(3):395-412. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.114.3.395.
A vital step in the development of an equal partnership for minorities in the academic, social, and economic life of the United States involves moving away from assumptions of the linear model of cultural acquisition. In this article we review the literature on the psychological impact of being bicultural. Assimilation, acculturation, alternation, multicultural, and fusion models that have been used to describe the psychological processes, social experiences, and individual challenges and obstacles of being bicultural are reviewed and summarized for their contributions and implications for investigations of the psychological impact of biculturalism. Emphasis is given to the alternation model, which posits that an individual is able to gain competence within 2 cultures without losing his or her cultural identity or having to choose one culture over the other. Finally, a hypothetical model outlining the dimensions of bicultural competence is presented.
在美国学术、社会和经济生活中，为少数群体建立平等伙伴关系的一个关键步骤是摒弃文化习得线性模型的假设。在本文中，我们回顾了关于双文化心理影响的文献。我们对用于描述双文化心理过程、社会经历以及个人挑战与障碍的同化、文化适应、交替、多元文化和融合模型进行了回顾和总结，探讨了它们对双文化心理影响研究的贡献及意义。重点介绍了交替模型，该模型认为个体能够在两种文化中都获得能力，而不会失去其文化身份，也无需在两种文化中进行选择。最后，我们提出了一个概述双文化能力维度的假设模型。
