Ingersoll C D
Athletic Training Department, Indiana State University, Terre Haute.
Sports Med. 1993 Nov;16(5):342-54. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199316050-00005.
Closed head injury has been defined by several authors, but is not agreed upon. The incidence of closed head injury in sports is relatively small, but because the effects may be catastrophic it is an important topic. Forces may be applied to the head from different directions, which results in different types of lesions. The anatomical and physiological changes with head injury have been suggested to explain head injury outcomes. Effects on intelligence and memory have also been reported. Posture had been proposed as a model to examine the subtle effects of head injury. Vision, vestibular input, and somatosensory input are all involved in maintenance of posture. The interaction of these sensory modalities is also pertinent to posture maintenance. Somatosensory input appears to be improperly processed, while vision and vestibular input seem to compensate for lost somatosensation. Attention to regaining the somatosensory component, rather than waiting for compensation to occur, should be addressed in rehabilitation programmes.
几位作者对闭合性颅脑损伤进行了定义，但尚未达成共识。运动中闭合性颅脑损伤的发生率相对较低，但由于其后果可能是灾难性的，所以这是一个重要的话题。头部可能会受到来自不同方向的力，从而导致不同类型的损伤。有人提出，头部损伤时的解剖和生理变化可以解释颅脑损伤的后果。也有报道称其对智力和记忆有影响。姿势已被提议作为一种模型，用于研究颅脑损伤的细微影响。视觉、前庭输入和躯体感觉输入都参与姿势的维持。这些感觉模式之间的相互作用也与姿势维持相关。躯体感觉输入似乎处理不当，而视觉和前庭输入似乎可以补偿失去的躯体感觉。康复计划应关注恢复躯体感觉成分，而不是等待补偿的发生。
