Hawthorne J L, Maier R C
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30910.
South Med J. 1993 Dec;86(12):1334-8. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199312000-00002.
Drug abuse during pregnancy has attracted national attention, but most studies are from large cities. This study is concerned with the indigent pregnant patients in a midsized city in the southeastern United States. In a 23-month study, 2,442 patients were delivered of neonates. Using specific criteria, 511 patients were tested for drug abuse. A positive test was identified in 156 (31%), cocaine being the most common agent. During 2 months of random testing, 15 patients (16%) had positive drug screens. Comparison of drug-positive pregnant patients with general obstetric patients identified many adverse obstetric and perinatal outcome data. Drug-positive patients weighed less, were older, were prone to not seek prenatal care, and were more likely to deliver prematurely and have a growth-retarded infant. Drug abuse in this population had significant impact on the health of the patient and her unborn infant.
孕期药物滥用已引起全国关注，但大多数研究来自大城市。本研究关注的是美国东南部一个中等规模城市的贫困孕妇患者。在一项为期23个月的研究中，2442名患者分娩了新生儿。采用特定标准，对511名患者进行了药物滥用检测。156名（31%）检测呈阳性，可卡因是最常见的药物。在2个月的随机检测中，15名患者（16%）药物筛查呈阳性。对药物检测呈阳性的孕妇与普通产科患者进行比较，发现了许多不良产科和围产期结局数据。药物检测呈阳性的患者体重较轻、年龄较大、往往不寻求产前护理，并且更有可能早产和生出发育迟缓的婴儿。该人群中的药物滥用对患者及其未出生婴儿的健康产生了重大影响。
