Suga S, Yoshikawa T, Ozaki T, Asano Y
Department of Paediatrics, Toyokawa City Hospital, Japan.
Arch Dis Child. 1993 Dec;69(6):639-42; discussion 642-3. doi: 10.1136/adc.69.6.639.
The effect of oral acyclovir (approximately 40 mg/kg daily in four divided doses) against primary and secondary viraemia of varicella zoster virus (VZV) was examined in 27 children susceptible to VZV who were exposed to the virus in their families and their clinical features were compared with those of 19 non-treated subjects. The infection was confirmed by a fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen assay in 11 (85%) of 13 children who received acyclovir for the first seven days after exposure to VZV and in 11 (79%) of 14 who received acyclovir for the next seven days. The geometric mean antibody titre of the former group was significantly higher than that of the latter group. Varicella developed in 10 (91%) and was subclinical in one (9%) in the former group, whereas a very mild disease occurred in three (27%) and was subclinical in eight (73%) in the latter group. The severity of varicella was significantly greater in the former group than that in the latter group. On the other hand, all of the control group developed typical varicella and their clinical features were more severe than those of the acyclovir administered group. These data indicate that oral acyclovir more effectively inhibits replication of VZV in secondary viraemia than that of the primary viraemia.
在27名易感染水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）的儿童中，研究了口服阿昔洛韦（约每日40mg/kg，分4次服用）对VZV原发性和继发性病毒血症的影响。这些儿童在家庭中接触了该病毒，并将他们的临床特征与19名未治疗的受试者进行了比较。在接触VZV后的前7天接受阿昔洛韦治疗的13名儿童中，有11名（85%）通过膜抗原荧光抗体检测确诊感染；在接下来7天接受阿昔洛韦治疗的14名儿童中，有11名（79%）确诊感染。前一组的几何平均抗体滴度显著高于后一组。前一组中有10名（91%）患水痘，1名（9%）为亚临床感染；而后一组中有3名（27%）患非常轻微的疾病，8名（73%）为亚临床感染。前一组水痘的严重程度明显高于后一组。另一方面，所有对照组均出现典型水痘，其临床特征比服用阿昔洛韦组更为严重。这些数据表明，口服阿昔洛韦在抑制继发性病毒血症中VZV的复制方面比原发性病毒血症更有效。
