Ansell D, Lacey L, Whitman S, Chen E, Phillips C
Avoidable Mortality from Cancer Project, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago.
Public Health Rep. 1994 Jan-Feb;109(1):104-11.
An 18-month intervention was implemented to increase breast and cervical cancer screening among poor African-American women in Chicago. Breast and cervical cancer screening programs were set up in two public clinics, one community-based and the other hospital-based. Nurse clinicians and public health workers were used in these programs to recruit women in the clinics and in targeted community institutions to receive free breast and cervical cancer screening. The following barriers were specifically addressed by the intervention: accessibility of screening, knowledge about breast and cervical cancers, access to followup screening examinations, and access to treatment. A computerized followup system was specifically designed to track patients. During the 18 months of the intervention, 10,829 visits were made by 7,654 low-income women. A total of 84 cases of breast cancer and 9 cases of cervical cancer were detected. Awareness of the program, as measured by a survey after the completion of the intervention, increased in both clinics compared with baseline results. Knowledge about breast and cervical cancers also increased, as measured by scores on tests given before and after a class on breast and cervical cancers. Followup rates were 86 percent for women attending the programs. More than 90 percent of the women referred for evaluation of breast abnormalities kept an appointment. In summary, the intervention was successful in reducing barriers to breast and cervical cancer detection and in attracting a high-risk group of women.
实施了一项为期18个月的干预措施，以提高芝加哥贫困非裔美国女性的乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查率。在两家公共诊所设立了乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查项目，一家基于社区，另一家基于医院。这些项目中使用护士临床医生和公共卫生工作者，在诊所和目标社区机构招募女性接受免费乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查。该干预措施特别针对以下障碍：筛查的可及性、对乳腺癌和宫颈癌的了解、后续筛查检查的可及性以及治疗的可及性。专门设计了一个计算机化的随访系统来跟踪患者。在干预的18个月期间，7654名低收入女性进行了10829次就诊。共检测出84例乳腺癌和9例宫颈癌。根据干预结束后的一项调查衡量，两家诊所对该项目的知晓度均较基线结果有所提高。根据在乳腺癌和宫颈癌课程前后进行的测试分数衡量，对乳腺癌和宫颈癌的了解也有所增加。参加项目的女性随访率为86%。被转诊评估乳腺异常的女性中，超过90%预约就诊。总之，该干预措施成功减少了乳腺癌和宫颈癌检测的障碍，并吸引了高危女性群体。
