Edwards M H
Department of Optometry and Radiography, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1998 Nov;18(6):477-83.
A representative sample of Hong Kong Chinese children was followed from 7 to 12 years of age. Refractive error was measured every year (n = 123 at age 7 years and n = 83 at age 12 years), the axial length of the eye was measured at age 12 years (n = 81) and the refractive status of the parents was also determined. Thirty-one percent of the parents in the sample were myopic and at the age of 12 years 53% of the children were myopic. There was no association between the refractive status of the parents and whether or not a child had myopia. The probability of a 12-year-old child with early-onset myopia having at least one myopic parent was 0.55 and the probability of myopic parents having a myopic child was 0.6. There was no difference in the refractive error or the axial length of 12-year-old children according to whether neither, one or both parents were myopic. The genetic influence on myopia may be different in Caucasian and Chinese children, although it is also possible that non-expression of the genotype in the parents may have confounded the determination of the inheritance pattern of myopia in Hong Kong Chinese children.
对一组具有代表性的中国香港儿童进行了追踪研究，从7岁持续到12岁。每年测量屈光不正情况（7岁时n = 123，12岁时n = 83），在12岁时测量眼轴长度（n = 81），并确定父母的屈光状态。样本中31%的父母患有近视，在12岁时，53%的儿童患有近视。父母的屈光状态与孩子是否患有近视之间没有关联。12岁早发性近视儿童至少有一位近视父母的概率为0.55，近视父母生育近视孩子的概率为0.6。无论父母双方都不近视、一方近视还是双方都近视，12岁儿童的屈光不正或眼轴长度均无差异。白种人和中国儿童中近视的遗传影响可能不同，尽管也有可能是父母基因型未表达混淆了中国香港儿童近视遗传模式的判定。
