Glasgow R E, McCaul K D, Fisher K J
Oregon Research Institute, Eugene 97401.
Health Educ Q. 1993 Fall;20(3):391-408. doi: 10.1177/109019819302000309.
One of the major rationales for conducting health promotion/disease prevention activities at the worksite is the potential to reach a high percentage of employees, including many who would otherwise be unlikely to engage in preventive health behaviors. Most studies of worksite health promotion do not report participation data, but among those that do, definitions of participation and participation rates vary dramatically. In general, men and blue-collar employees appear less likely to participate, but little is known about other employee variables related to participation. There have been few studies of worksite characteristics associated with participation and even fewer experimental evaluations of interventions to increase participation. In this paper we review what is known about participation in worksite health promotion programs and recommend procedures for defining participation for different types of programs, for reporting determinants of participation, and for increasing participation. We conclude that participation is both an important process measure and an outcome that should be reported routinely. Participation data have important implications for generalizability of results, feasibility of interventions, and health outcomes.
在工作场所开展健康促进/疾病预防活动的一个主要基本原理是，有可能覆盖很大比例的员工，包括许多原本不太可能参与预防性健康行为的人。大多数关于工作场所健康促进的研究都没有报告参与数据，但在那些报告了数据的研究中，参与的定义和参与率差异极大。一般来说，男性和蓝领员工参与的可能性似乎较小，但对于与参与相关的其他员工变量却知之甚少。关于与参与相关的工作场所特征的研究很少，而针对提高参与度的干预措施的实验性评估则更少。在本文中，我们回顾了关于参与工作场所健康促进项目的已知情况，并推荐了针对不同类型项目定义参与度、报告参与决定因素以及提高参与度的程序。我们得出结论，参与既是一个重要的过程指标，也是一个应定期报告的结果。参与数据对结果的可推广性、干预措施的可行性和健康结果具有重要意义。
