Merkus P J, Borsboom G J, Van Pelt W, Schrader P C, Van Houwelingen H C, Kerrebijn K F, Quanjer P H
Department of Physiology, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1993 Nov;75(5):2045-53. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1993.75.5.2045.
To determine growth patterns of the lung and airways in adolescents, we analyzed maximal expiratory flow-volume curves, closing capacity, and residual volume. They were obtained every 6 mo for up to 7 yr in 430 boys and 125 girls (11-19 yr), of whom 143 boys and 36 girls were classified as symptomatic; symptoms were most often minor and limited to childhood. Development of flows vs. volumes was used to investigate growth of the airways relative to lung size. A model of isotropic growth of the airways and air spaces (J. Appl. Physiol. 65: 822-828, 1988) was modified for increasing elastic recoil pressure with growth. Growth of airways relative to volume occurred faster in teenage boys than in teenage girls and was compatible with isotropic growth in 92% of asymptomatic boys and in 44% of asymptomatic girls: dysanaptic growth in teenage girls seems to be a normal phenomenon and not a unique characteristic of symptomatic subjects. Subjects with respiratory symptoms in childhood and/or adolescence have lower flows for a given lung size and airway closure at a greater lung volume when they enter adulthood. However, no difference in patterns of lung growth was observed in association with the presence of respiratory symptoms.
为了确定青少年肺和气道的生长模式，我们分析了最大呼气流量-容积曲线、闭合容量和残气量。在430名男孩和125名女孩（11 - 19岁）中，每6个月进行一次测量，持续7年，其中143名男孩和36名女孩有症状；症状大多轻微且仅限于儿童期。流量与容积的关系用于研究气道相对于肺大小的生长情况。对气道和肺泡各向同性生长模型（《应用生理学杂志》65: 822 - 828, 1988）进行了修改，以考虑随着生长弹性回缩压力增加的情况。气道相对于容积的生长在青少年男孩中比在青少年女孩中更快，并且在92%的无症状男孩和44%的无症状女孩中符合各向同性生长：青少年女孩的发育异常生长似乎是一种正常现象，而不是有症状受试者的独特特征。童年和/或青春期有呼吸道症状的受试者，成年时在相同肺大小情况下流量较低，且在肺容积较大时气道闭合。然而，未观察到与呼吸道症状的存在相关的肺生长模式差异。
