Veltri J C, Osimitz T G, Bradford D C, Page B C
University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1994;32(1):1-16. doi: 10.3109/15563659409000426.
This study analyzed 9,086 human exposures involving N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide--containing insect repellents that were reported to Poison Control Centers from 1985-1989. Nearly two-thirds of those exposed had no adverse effects or only experienced minor symptoms that resolved rapidly. Symptoms were more likely to occur after ocular or inhalation exposures and least likely to occur if the product was ingested. The only reported death occurred in a patient who suicidally ingested 8 oz of an insect repellent containing N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. Five patients may have experienced a serious or potentially life-threatening effect but the poison center record did not provide unequivocal substantiation of the effect or clearly establish N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide as the causative agent. From the analysis of those patients calling Poison Control Centers, it appears the risk of serious medical effects with the labeled use of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide-containing insect repellents is low in comparison with its reported annual use by about 30% of Americans. For patients contacting Poison Control Centers, the occurrence of adverse effects appears to be related to the route of exposure rather than age or gender of the patient or the concentration of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide in the product.
本研究分析了1985年至1989年期间向中毒控制中心报告的9086起涉及含N,N - 二乙基 - 间甲苯胺驱虫剂的人体暴露事件。近三分之二的暴露者没有不良反应，或仅出现迅速缓解的轻微症状。眼部或吸入暴露后更易出现症状，而如果产品被摄入则最不容易出现症状。唯一报告的死亡事件发生在一名自杀性摄入8盎司含N,N - 二乙基 - 间甲苯胺驱虫剂的患者身上。五名患者可能经历了严重或潜在危及生命的影响，但中毒控制中心的记录并未明确证实该影响，也未明确确定N,N - 二乙基 - 间甲苯胺为致病因素。通过对那些致电中毒控制中心的患者的分析，与约30%的美国人每年报告的使用量相比，按标签使用含N,N - 二乙基 - 间甲苯胺驱虫剂产生严重医疗影响的风险似乎较低。对于联系中毒控制中心的患者，不良反应的发生似乎与暴露途径有关，而不是与患者的年龄、性别或产品中N,N - 二乙基 - 间甲苯胺的浓度有关。
