O'Sullivan D C, Barrett D M
Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
J Urol. 1994 Mar;151(3):776-80. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)35086-3.
Active alloplastic bladders were implanted into four dogs after cystectomy and were well tolerated. The prosthesis created a vacuum of -90 cm. H2O in the upper tracts, which gradually decreased until the bladder filled. Renal function was maintained as long as the prostheses worked effectively. Hydronephrosis developed and renal function deteriorated if the bladder was not emptied, even though the leak pressure was only 3 to 5 cm. H2O. Both resolved when active bladder function was restored. Pressures in the ureter were measured percutaneously, at flow rates up to 15 ml. per minute (900 ml. per hour). At 15 ml. per minute, the pressure only reached a maximum of 16 cm. H2O. Encrustation did not occur even in the presence of infection. The results achieved with this negative pressure bladder prosthesis, which is emptied actively, are very promising and should provide the impetus for increased research in this field of urology.
在膀胱切除术后，将主动式异体膀胱植入四只狗体内，它们对植入物耐受性良好。该假体在上尿路中产生了-90厘米水柱的真空度，该真空度会逐渐降低，直到膀胱充满。只要假体有效工作，肾功能就能维持。如果膀胱没有排空，即使漏压仅为3至5厘米水柱，也会出现肾积水且肾功能恶化。当恢复主动膀胱功能时，两者都能得到缓解。通过经皮测量输尿管压力，流速可达每分钟15毫升（每小时900毫升）。在每分钟15毫升时，压力最高仅达到16厘米水柱。即使存在感染，也不会发生结痂。这种主动排空的负压膀胱假体所取得的结果非常有前景，应该会推动泌尿外科这一领域的更多研究。
