Sergiev V P, Baranova A M, Orlov V S, Mihajlov L G, Kouznetsov R L, Neujmin N I, Arsenieva L P, Shahova M A, Glagoleva L A, Osipova M M
Martsinovskij Institute of Medical Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (MIMPTP), Moscow, Russian Federation.
Bull World Health Organ. 1993;71(3-4):385-8.
Between 1981 and 1989, a total of 7683 cases of Plasmodium vivax [corrected] malaria were imported into the USSR from Afghanistan, mainly by demobilized military personnel. For 23.8% of these cases the clinical manifestations appeared within a month of returning to the USSR, for 22.5% after 1-3 months, for 20% after 4-6 months, for 2% after > 1 year, and for 0.6% after > 2 years. For 13 patients the clinical manifestations of malaria appeared 3 years after returning from Afghanistan (up to 38 months). Nearly 69% of the patients did not take malaria prophylaxis at all while they were in Afghanistan, and 19% took chloroquine irregularly. Only 12.5% of the patients received a full course of prophylactic treatment with primaquine before leaving Afghanistan. A total of 56% of the cases were detected during the period most favourable for malaria transmission in the USSR (May-September) and of these, half were imported into formerly malarious areas of the country. Activation of a surveillance system greatly reduced the consequences of the massive importation of malaria, to which the local vectors were susceptible.
1981年至1989年期间，苏联共从阿富汗输入7683例间日疟病例，主要是复员军人输入的。其中23.8%的病例临床表现于返回苏联后1个月内出现，22.5%于1 - 3个月后出现，20%于4 - 6个月后出现，2%于1年以上出现，0.6%于2年以上出现。有13名患者的疟疾临床表现于从阿富汗返回3年后（最长38个月）出现。近69%的患者在阿富汗期间根本未采取疟疾预防措施，19%不定期服用氯喹。只有12.5%的患者在离开阿富汗前接受了伯氨喹的全程预防性治疗。总共56%的病例是在苏联疟疾传播最有利的时期（5月至9月）被发现的，其中一半输入到该国以前的疟疾流行地区。监测系统的启动大大减轻了大量输入疟疾的后果，当地病媒对这种疟疾是易感的。
