White J R, Campbell R K
College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane 99204.
Ann Pharmacother. 1993 Jun;27(6):775-80. doi: 10.1177/106002809302700619.
To discuss the potential link between diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypomagnesemia, the methods used to assess magnesium status, and the potential benefits of magnesium repletion in hypomagnesemic patients with DM.
A MEDLINE search (key terms: magnesium and diabetes) was conducted to identify pertinent literature.
All major clinical trials and most published case reports were reviewed.
Several studies have demonstrated a higher than expected frequency of magnesium deficiency in patients with DM. Hypomagnesemia may play a role in the development of retinopathy, altered glucose disposition, hypertension, abnormal platelet function, and other problems frequently observed in patients with DM. The lack of a widely available, accurate screening methodology is one of the main problems in assessing total body magnesium status. One study has suggested that hypomagnesemia in patients with DM may be related to enhanced urinary loss of magnesium. Several studies evaluating hypomagnesemia and glucose disposal have suggested a direct correlation between magnesium concentration and glucose disposal, with an improvement in glucose disposal with magnesium supplementation. It has been suggested that there is a relationship between hypomagnesemia and diabetic retinopathy; however, the effect of magnesium supplementation on the development of diabetic retinopathy has not been evaluated. Researchers evaluating the effect of magnesium on platelet aggregation have suggested that magnesium supplementation may reduce the incidence of vascular disease in hypomagnesemic patients with DM. Several studies have demonstrated a correlation between hypomagnesemia and hypertension.
Studies have suggested a link between hypomagnesemia and hyperglycemia, as well as an association between hypomagnesemia and the complications of DM. The American Diabetes Association has published a consensus statement suggesting that patients who have documented hypomagnesemia and DM receive magnesium supplementation.
探讨糖尿病（DM）与低镁血症之间的潜在联系、评估镁状态的方法以及补充镁对低镁血症糖尿病患者的潜在益处。
进行了一项医学文献数据库（MEDLINE）检索（关键词：镁与糖尿病）以识别相关文献。
对所有主要临床试验和大多数已发表的病例报告进行了综述。
多项研究表明，糖尿病患者中镁缺乏的发生率高于预期。低镁血症可能在糖尿病视网膜病变、葡萄糖代谢改变、高血压、血小板功能异常以及糖尿病患者常见的其他问题的发生中起作用。缺乏一种广泛可用、准确的筛查方法是评估总体镁状态的主要问题之一。一项研究表明，糖尿病患者的低镁血症可能与镁的尿排泄增加有关。几项评估低镁血症与葡萄糖代谢的研究表明，镁浓度与葡萄糖代谢之间存在直接相关性，补充镁可改善葡萄糖代谢。有人提出低镁血症与糖尿病视网膜病变之间存在关联；然而，补充镁对糖尿病视网膜病变发展的影响尚未得到评估。评估镁对血小板聚集影响的研究人员表明，补充镁可能降低低镁血症糖尿病患者血管疾病的发生率。几项研究表明低镁血症与高血压之间存在相关性。
研究表明低镁血症与高血糖之间存在联系，以及低镁血症与糖尿病并发症之间存在关联。美国糖尿病协会发表了一项共识声明，建议已记录有低镁血症和糖尿病的患者补充镁。
