Nakano M, Tanaka S, Arai H, Ebato M, Ueno H
Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
No To Shinkei. 1993 May;45(5):465-71.
We report a patient with selective short-term memory disturbance caused by a glioma in the left temporal-parietal lobe. The patient was a 40-year-old right-handed housewife who complained of difficulty in memorizing series of numbers. She was working as a car dealer. She was well until 6 months prior to the present admission when she noted a difficulty in memorizing series of numbers such when telephone numbers and car registration numbers. She had to write them down as her customers told them to her. On admission, she was alert and oriented to all spheres. She was mentally sound without dementia. She did not show aphasia, apraxia, or agnosia, except for brief periods of seizures in which she became unable to speech. Neuropsychological examination revealed that she had difficulty in repeating and dictating series of numbers and meaningless kana words. However, she could easily pick up the correct series of numbers or kana words among multiple choices presented visually. Thus it was clear that her problem was not the disturbance of auditory input nor expression, but a selective impairment of short-term memory. She could memorize the same stimuli when visually presented. Therefore, her problem was thought to be a disturbance of auditory short-term memory of meaningless words. After resection of her tumor, she developed transient amnesic aphasia, which improved a year later. She was examined again in her memory function. In the task of visual stimuli, we presented her a card in which a series of numbers or a nonsense syllable was written for 5 seconds and asked her to remember them.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
我们报告了一名因左颞顶叶胶质瘤导致选择性短期记忆障碍的患者。该患者为一名40岁的右利手家庭主妇,主诉难以记住数字序列。她从事汽车销售工作。直至此次入院前6个月,她一直身体健康,当时她发现难以记住数字序列,如电话号码和汽车登记号码。当客户告知她这些号码时,她不得不把它们写下来。入院时,她意识清醒,对各个方面定向正常。她精神健全,无痴呆症状。除了短暂发作时无法说话外,她没有出现失语、失用或失认症状。神经心理学检查显示,她在重复和听写数字序列及无意义的假名单词方面存在困难。然而,在视觉呈现的多个选项中,她能够轻松挑出正确的数字序列或假名单词。因此,很明显她的问题并非听觉输入或表达障碍,而是短期记忆的选择性受损。当视觉呈现相同刺激时,她能够记住。所以,她的问题被认为是无意义单词的听觉短期记忆障碍。肿瘤切除后,她出现了短暂的遗忘性失语,一年后有所改善。我们再次对她的记忆功能进行了检查。在视觉刺激任务中,我们给她展示一张卡片,上面写有一系列数字或一个无意义音节,持续5秒钟,然后让她记住它们。(摘要截选至250字)