Whitson P A, Pietrzyk R A, Pak C Y, Cintrón N M
Biomedical Operations and Research Branch, NASA/Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas 77058.
J Urol. 1993 Sep;150(3):803-7. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)35618-5.
Exposure to the microgravity environment of space produces a number of physiological changes of metabolic and environmental origin that could increase the potential for renal stone formation. Metabolic, environmental and physicochemical factors that influence renal stone risk potential were examined in 24-hour urine samples from astronauts 10 days before launch and on landing day to provide an immediate postflight assessment of these factors. In addition, comparisons were made between male and female crewmembers, and between crewmembers on missions of less than 6 days and those on 6 to 10-day missions. Results suggest that immediately after space flight the risk of calcium oxalate and uric acid stone formation is increased as a result of metabolic (hypercalciuria, hypocitraturia, pH) and environmental (lower urine volume) derangements, some of which could reflect residual effects of having been exposed to microgravity.
暴露于太空微重力环境会引发一系列源于代谢和环境因素的生理变化，这些变化可能会增加肾结石形成的可能性。在发射前10天和着陆当天，对宇航员的24小时尿液样本进行检测，以研究影响肾结石风险潜力的代谢、环境和物理化学因素，从而在飞行后立即对这些因素进行评估。此外，还对男性和女性机组人员之间，以及执行任务时间少于6天和6至10天的机组人员之间进行了比较。结果表明，太空飞行后，由于代谢紊乱（高钙尿症、低枸橼酸尿症、pH值）和环境紊乱（尿量减少），草酸钙和尿酸结石形成的风险立即增加，其中一些紊乱可能反映了长期暴露于微重力环境的残留影响。
