Pinshow B, Fedak M A, Schmidt-Nielsen K
Science. 1977 Feb 11;195(4278):592-4. doi: 10.1126/science.835018.
The energetic cost for walking is relatively higher for penguins than for other birds or for quadrupeds of similar body mass. The morphology of penguins seems to represent a compromise between aquatic and terrestrial locomotion wherein both energy economy and speed suffer when the birds move on land.
企鹅行走的能量消耗相对高于其他鸟类或体重相似的四足动物。企鹅的形态似乎代表了水生和陆地运动之间的一种折衷，即当企鹅在陆地上移动时，能量经济性和速度都会受到影响。
