Congenital syphilis: report of twelve cases.

Between 1983 and 1992 at the Taichung Veterans General Hospital, twelve congenital syphilis patients were diagnosed, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) criteria. For the five boys and seven girls, ages at diagnosis ranged from 1 day to 8 months, with an average of 23 days. Among these 12 patients, four (33%) were premature. Seven patients (58%) were diagnosed in the past three years. These 12 patients were divided into inborn and outborn patient groups. Serological tests for syphilis were done in all inborn patients, but none in the outborns. All five outborn patients were symptomatic. In comparison, only one of seven inborn infants showed clinical evidence of congenital syphilis. The mean age at diagnosis was obviously older in the outborn patient group (53 days vs. 1 day). Six of ten patients (60%) had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities, while four of nine (44%) showed radiological abnormalities of bones. The hematologic and biochemical abnormalities compatible with congenital syphilis were also described. Penicillin was the drug of choice in ten patients. Despite adequate treatment, one patient died of respiratory failure. There has been no evidence of any signs of late congenital syphilis in those patients who survive. Congenital syphilis, a serious but preventable disease, is best treated adequately and early for minimal sequelae.