Singh R B, Rastogi S S, Singh N K, Ghosh S, Gupta S, Niaz M A
Medical Hospital and Research Centre, Moradabad, India.
J Hum Hypertens. 1993 Feb;7(1):33-8.
A randomized, single-blind, controlled trial was conducted to examine the effects of guava fruit intake on BPs and blood lipids in patients with essential hypertension. Of 145 hypertensives that entered the trial, 72 patients were assigned to take a soluble fibre and a potassium-rich diet containing 0.5-1.0 kg of guava daily (group A) and 73 patients to their usual diet (group B), while salt, fat, cholesterol, caffeine and alcohol intake were similar in both groups. Mean age, mean body weight and male sex, were similar, and so were risk factors, mean BPs, mean serum sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, triglycerides, cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in both groups. Dietary adherence to guava intake was checked by a questionnaire. After four weeks of follow-up on an increased consumption of dietary potassium and low sodium/potassium ratio, group A patients were associated with 7.5/8.5 mmHg net decrease in mean systolic and diastolic pressures compared with group B. Increased intake of soluble dietary fibre (47.8 +/- 11.5 vs. 9.5 +/- 0.85 g/day) was associated with a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (7.9%), triglycerides (7.0%) and an insignificant increase in HDL-cholesterol (4.6%) with a mild increase in the ratio of total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol in group A patients compared with group B. It is possible that an increased consumption of guava fruit can cause a substantial reduction in BPs and blood lipids with a lack of decrease in HDL-cholesterol due to its higher potassium and soluble fibre content, respectively.
一项随机、单盲、对照试验旨在研究番石榴摄入对原发性高血压患者血压和血脂的影响。在145名进入试验的高血压患者中，72名患者被分配每天食用含0.5 - 1.0千克番石榴的富含可溶性纤维和钾的饮食（A组），73名患者食用其日常饮食（B组），而两组的盐、脂肪、胆固醇、咖啡因和酒精摄入量相似。两组的平均年龄、平均体重、男性比例、危险因素、平均血压、平均血清钠、钾、钙、镁、甘油三酯、胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇均相似。通过问卷调查检查对番石榴摄入的饮食依从性。在增加膳食钾摄入量和降低低钠/钾比值进行四周随访后，与B组相比，A组患者的平均收缩压和舒张压净下降7.5/8.5 mmHg。与B组相比，A组患者可溶性膳食纤维摄入量增加（47.8±11.5 vs. 9.5±0.85克/天），血清总胆固醇显著降低（7.9%）、甘油三酯降低（7.0%），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇无显著增加（4.6%），总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值略有增加。由于番石榴果实中分别含有较高的钾和可溶性纤维，增加其摄入量可能会使血压和血脂大幅降低，同时高密度脂蛋白胆固醇不会减少。
