Steiner I, Kennedy P G
Department of Neurology, Hadassah University Hospital, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
Mol Neurobiol. 1993 Summer;7(2):137-59. doi: 10.1007/BF02935640.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the best studied examples of viral ability to remain latent in the human nervous system and to cause recurrent disease by reactivation. Intensive effort was directed in recent years to unveil the molecular viral mechanisms and the virus-host interactions associated with latent HSV infection. The discovery of the state of the latent viral DNA in nervous tissues and of the presence of latency-associated gene expression during latent infection, both differing from the situation during viral replication, provided important clues relevant to the pathogenesis of latent HSV infection. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the site of latent infection, the molecular phenomena of latency, and the mechanisms of the various stages of latency: acute infection, establishment and maintenance of latency, and reactivation. This information paved the way to recent trials aiming to use herpes viruses as vectors to deliver genes into the nervous system, an issue that is also addressed in this review.
单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）是病毒能够潜伏于人类神经系统并通过再激活引发复发性疾病的研究最为深入的实例之一。近年来，人们投入了大量精力来揭示与HSV潜伏感染相关的病毒分子机制以及病毒与宿主的相互作用。在神经组织中发现潜伏病毒DNA的状态以及潜伏感染期间存在潜伏期相关基因表达，这两者均与病毒复制期间的情况不同，为HSV潜伏感染的发病机制提供了重要线索。本综述总结了关于潜伏感染部位、潜伏期分子现象以及潜伏期各个阶段机制（急性感染、潜伏期的建立与维持以及再激活）的当前知识状态。这些信息为近期旨在利用疱疹病毒作为载体将基因导入神经系统的试验铺平了道路，本综述也讨论了这一问题。
